Notes+-+Montgomery+Bus+Boycott+-+Gracie

GRACIE'S NOTES:

(SOURCES) [|ABC-Clio Bus Boycott] [|Eyes on the Prize-Bus Boycott]

CONTEXT: -First major event of the civil rights era -Rosa Park's arrest inspired Black leaders to "mount" a one day bus-boycott -Dec. 5, 1955, at the Holt Street Baptist Church, boy cotters want to keep the protest going -26 year-old Martin Luther King announced a very important, inspiring speech -From Dec. 5, 1955 - Dec. 21, 1956, when Alabama City bus lines were forced to integrate -Instituted by the Montgomery Improvement Association -Called for the action after an African American seamstress, Rosa Parks, refused to give up her seat to a white passenger, and was then arrested -In addition to African Americans, many white riders joined to boycott too. -The city bus system found itself in serious financial straits after less African American riders were using it -The MIA did not end the boycott after white bus drivers would call African American bus drivers names, and other racial gestures were exchanged -A backlash against the boycott began - The white mayor or Montgomery supported a "get tough" policy towards the boy cotters. A White Citizen's Counsel wanted violent action. -After Martin Luther King was arrested for driving 30 MPH in a 25 MPH zone, a bomb exploded outside his house, which left his family shaken.

IMPACT: -U.S. Supreme court declared Montgomery's bus system illegal, and integration must begin. Even though there was some scattered violence aimed at stopping integration, the boycott ended.

IMAGES: [|(Rosa Parks at Front of Bus]) (Featured Below)

[|Martin Luther King - May, 1956]

[|Montgomery Advertiser (Newspaper) - Dec. 6, 1955]

[|Rosa Parks After Being Arrested]

PRIMARY SOURCES: -"Rosa Parks at the front of a bus." Image. Library of Congress. //American History//. ABC-CLIO, 2011. Web. 5 May 2011.

[|Montgomery Advertiser (Newspaper) - Dec. 6, 1955]


 * GRACE'S NOTES:**

CONTEXT: -December 21st, 1956, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white passenger, led to Montgomery Bus Boycott

INFO: -first major civil rights event - December 5, 1955 to December 21, 1956 -Montgomery, Alabama city buss lines had forced to integrate -white riders joined the boycott -the city bus system heavily replied on African Americans riding their buses -boycott caused extreme financial problems -bus owners reacted by trying to meet some of the MIA's demands and agreed that "African-American bus drivers would be provided on routes where African Americans were prevalent, and name-calling by white drivers would cease. " -movements did not end boycott - White Citizen's Council decided to use violent action - mayor made a "get tough policy" -" King was arrested in January 1956 for driving 30 miles per hour in a 25 miles per hour zone. That same month, a bomb exploded outside his house, which left his family shaken but unhurt." -The jury looked at an old law which outlawed plans to block lawful businesses, which meant many including king were being unlawful by being a party of the boy cott -On November 13, 1956, the US supreme court said that Montgomery's segregated bus system was illegal. -when Montgomery city officials were presented with the order from the corder, integration had to begin right away. IMPACT: -leads to civil rights movements - Interstate Commerce Commission stopped segregation in public transit -after the boycott ended

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PRIMARY SOURCES:

citations :

"Rosa Parks comments on the Montgomery Bus Boycott [:49]." Audio. Pacifica Radio Archives/Library of Congress.//American History //. ABC-CLIO, 2011. Web. 6 May 2011.

"Rosa Parks at the front of a bus." Image. Library of Congress. //American History //. ABC-CLIO, 2011. Web. 6 May 2011.